Criminal Law generally covers those laws where the State or Federal government has chosen to make illegal certain actions or events.  Essentially, the actions are made illegal to protect persons, property or even the "public". 

We generally talk about two types of criminal laws - misdemeanors and felonies.  Misdemeanors are typically minor crimes with minor penalties. Some of these types of crimes are traffic violations, simple battery or assault and simple trespassing.  The penalty for violations of misdemeanors are typically fines of $500 or less and up to six months in parish or city jail.  Upon a conviction or guilty plea, the first offender usually will receive a suspended sentence and a fine.

However, violation of misdemeanor crimes can sometimes result in serious penalties and can serve as the basis for a harsher penalty for another conviction of the same crime.  Driving under the influence of alcohol and simple possession of marijuana or drug paraphernalia as such crimes.  You should consult a lawyer for your rights or for more information if you are charged with such an offense.

A felony is a much more serious crime.  Examples of felonies are burglary, kidnapping, murder, possession of cocaine, "crack" or heroin.  Repeated possession of marijuana or driving under the influence of alcohol can result in a felony conviction.

The potential fines for conviction of a felony can typically go into the thousands and there could be significant jail time at hard labor in the state penitentiary. If you are charged with a felony crime, it would be wise to consult and attorney to find out your rights.